There are many types of particle counters dependent upon the depth of particle analysis required: To measure ultrafine particles (size in nanometer range) one may utilize a condensation nucleus particle counter. Ultrafine airborne particle smaller than 0.1µm (micron), which generally cannot be detected by ordinary …
Swine flu is a new variant of the H1N1 strain of influenza type A. It is highly contagious and spreads from person-to-person in several ways: when an ill person sneezes or coughs, infected droplets enter another person through the nose, mouth or eyes; or the …
Abstract In this review, we examine house dust and residential soil and their use for identifying sources and quantifying levels of toxicants for the estimation of exposure. We answer critical questions that focus on the selection of samples or sampling strategies for collection and discuss …
The pH scale, numbered from 0 to 14, describes the relative acidity or alkalinity of chemicals, with the middle of the scale, pH 7, being neutral (pure water). Substances from pH 0 to pH 7 are acids; those from pH 7 to pH 14 are …
Antibiotics kill or inhibit the growth of susceptible bacteria. Sometimes one of the bacteria survives because it has the ability to neutralize or evade the effect of the antibiotic; that one bacteria can then multiply and replace all the bacteria that were killed off. Exposure …
Grocery shelves, hardware stores, card shops, and other retail operations are filled with products and packages announcing environmental features that may influence your purchasing decisions. But when it comes to products and packaging, what do claims like “environmentally safe,” “recyclable,” “degradable” or “ozone friendly” really …
Green cleaning is a holistic approach to janitorial services that takes into account: (1) the health, safety, and environmental risks of products and processes associated with cleaning; (2) the mission and use of the facility to be cleaned and the behavior of facility occupants; and …
EPA allows safer products to carry the Design for the Environment (DfE) label. This mark allows consumers to quickly identify and choose products that can help protect the environment and are safer for people. When you see the DfE logo on a product it means …
The following discussion primarily addresses hazards associated with cleaning product ingredients. The actual risks from these chemicals at typical exposure levels are often uncertain, and in many cases are probably low. Regardless of the expected risk levels, however, reducing the intrinsic hazard of a product …
ISSA / CIRI Partnership: A Clean Standard for K-12 Schools – April 14, 2009 – Dr. Steven SpivakScience Advisor, Cleaning Industry Research Institute (CIRI) Dr. Spivak has 30+ years in academe plus the cleaning industry. • Thirty+ years Univ. of Maryland faculty and Dept. …